L-Theanine (N-ethyl-L-glutamine) is a non-essential non-proteinaceous amino acid that is found in its free form in tea. Evidence suggests that L-theanine from tea or in supplements is able to cause relaxation by induction of alpha wave states in the brain. L-theanine is derived from glutamate, and this explains its ability to bind to glutamate receptors in humans. One result from taking L-theanine is an increase in brain levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor, which may have neuroprotective effects. One suggestion is that L-theanine is able to bind to N-methyl D-aspartate glutamate receptors and this increases brain levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor, which in turn increase neuroprotection. This may suggest that L-theanine has antipsychotic effects and in this regard could be useful in treating a number of brain disorders. This may also explain the neuroprotective effects of tea and why tea is able to reduce the risk of degenerative diseases and dementia in humans and animals.
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