Reactions to Aspartame

Scientists have extensively researched the metabolic effects of aspartame and the overwhelming conclusion from studies is that aspartame is safe to consume. However, adverse reactions following consumption continue to be reported amongst the general population. These adverse reactions are wide ranging, but most fall into the category of neurological effects. Anecdotal evidence would therefore suggest that aspartame is somehow able to alter brain function in a certain number of individuals that consume it. Aspartame is digested to aspartate, phenylalanine and methanol in the intestinal tract, passed through enterocytes and these components are then absorbed into the circulatory system, where they are further metabolised. Although the metabolic fate of methanol, phenylalanine and aspartate are fairly well understood, it is still unclear as to which of these components of aspartame is causing the adverse reactions reported.

Research published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition back in 19861 evaluated the adverse reactions to aspartame. To date of this study shows that the concern surrounding aspartame is not new and authorities have been aware of possible dangers for some time.  The researchers analysed 321 consumer complaints associated with aspartame. Of the complainants, most (75 %) were female and aged 21 to 60 yr (77 %). Multiple symptoms were reported by 63 % of the claimants, with 15 % reporting symptoms from more than one category. The symptoms occurred with all major types of aspartame product with table top sweeteners (38 % of implicated products) and soft drinks (26 % of implicated products) being the most common. The most frequently reported reactions were neurological (51 %), followed by gastrointestinal (16 %), allergic (16 %) and menstrual (3 %) (table 1).

Table of Side effects to AspartameTable 1. Percent of complaints with symptoms. Totals add to more than 100 percent because of roundings1.

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1Bradstock, M. K., Serdula, M. K., Marks, J. S., Barnard, R. J., Crane, N. T., Remington, P. L. and Trowbridge, F. L. 1986. Evaluation of reaction to food additive: the aspartame experience. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 43: 464-469

About Robert Barrington

Robert Barrington is a writer, nutritionist, lecturer and philosopher.
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