Kaempferol is a flavonoid belonging to the flavonol subgroup. Kaempferol has been researched for its beneficial effects on health. Kaempferol is not as commonly consumed as other dietary flavonoids as its content in food is limited, but broccoli, endive and kale contain significant amounts of kaempferol and a diet high in green leafy vegetables contributes significantly to kaempferol intake. Kaempferol may have beneficial effects on the central nervous system, and this may explain its anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. One mechanistic explanation for this central nervous system activity is the ability of kaempferol to decrease proinflammatory pathways such as the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK), serine/threonine kinase (AKT), and β-catenin cascade. This may prevent damage to neuronal circuits. In addition, the antioxidant effects of kaempferol may upregulate certain antioxidant enzyme systems and this may facilitate more efficient neuronal transmission.
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